Sheet steel is not easy to manipulate into shape. 99% of production cars are manufactured from steel (or at least metal!), with plastic accessories, and glass windows, and are powered by internal combustion engines that burn an oil based fuel. Restrictions of three dimensional form can be applied due to the majority of cars being manufactured from the same material, while using the same propulsion system.
As you may have noticed, most cars, even across eras, look very much alike as a result of these principles. All these change over time, or occasionally shift more radically, but cultural aesthetic taste is by far the slowest of these to evolve and therefore more timeless and consistent. There are also constraints that are forced by economics, and manufacturing processes. These aesthetic tastes vary across national cultures, but as cars are sold globally (or more accurately, brands are), and most certainly designed by globally influenced people, these cultural tastes are often purposely discarded in the design process. What I’m talking about here are mainly common aesthetic practices and traditions- which are complex (enough to perhaps be re-visited many times here). That still leaves room for a large amount of artistic expression. You may be thinking that there are no rules, surely every designer is allowed to do whatever they like? Well obviously that is true, but cars have to adhere to laws and type approval regulations, which gives certain constraints.
This page attempts to explain a few of the essential “rules” of vehicle design.
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